Orthopedics

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare different peri-incisional local infiltrative anesthesia (PLIA) methods in patients ages 13 to 50 undergoing a periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). The main questions to answer here are:

1. Does PLIA impact post-operative pain after PAO?
2. Does PLIA impact pain medication usage as measured by morphine equivalent dosing (MED) after PAO?
3. Does the timing of PLIA administration impact post-operative pain and MED after PAO? Participants will be asked to complete some surveys; demographics survey, General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and the Pain Resilience Scale. All other information will be gathered from the patients medical chart.

Researchers will compare three groups. 1.) Patients who do not receive PLIA. 2.) Patients who receive PLIA after their incision is closed. 3.) Patients who receive PLIA throughout PAO.

This study is being done to find out if metformin is effective at reducing pain by delaying the onset of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. This research study will compare metformin to placebo. The placebo tablet looks exactly like metformin, but contains no metformin. Placebos are used in research studies to see if the results are due to the study drug or due to other reasons.

Metformin is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat type II diabetes. Notably, it also has anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting it could benefit people who have an ACL injury and are undergoing ACL reconstruction.

The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the effect of a single autologous, intra-articular injection of MFat versus corticosteroid injection for the treatment of pain and function associated with K/L grade 2/3 knee Osteoarthritis.

Participants will receive an injection of MFat or a corticosteroid.

This is a study comparing two methods of dressing a post operative wound that are currently in practice. One method is a traditional dry gauze dressing. The other method is using a negative pressure dressing that provides gentle suction on the wound.

The investigators will attempt to determine how well the use of post-operative negative pressure dressing reduces wound healing problems in patients who have surgery after radiation for a sarcoma in the thigh or leg.

Following treatment for a primary extremity sarcoma, patients remain at risk for the development of local and systemic disease recurrence. Metastasis (distant recurrence) to the lung is the most frequent single location of disease recurrence in sarcoma patients, occurring in almost half of all patients. Therefore, careful post-operative surveillance is an integral element of patient care. However, the detection of metastases does not necessarily affect long-term survival and may negatively impact quality of life. Surveillance strategies have not been well researched and have been identified as the top research priority in the extremity sarcoma field. Using a 2X2 factorial design to maximize efficiency and reduce overall trial costs, the SAFETY trial randomized 310 extremity soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) patients to determine the effect of surveillance strategy on overall patient survival after surgery for a STS of the extremity by comparing the effectiveness of both surveillance frequency (every 3 vs. every 6 months) and imaging modality (CT scans vs. chest radiographs).

Tranexamic acid and placebo will be given during surgery to patients who have elected to undergo lumber interbody fusion on 2 or more levels. Information regarding blood loss, transfusions needed, postoperative cognitive status (including delirium), postoperative markers of systemic inflammation and duration of hospital stay will be collected.