Envi™-SR Randomized Controlled Trial for Endovascular Treatment of Ischemic Stroke (ENVI RCT)

Inclusion Criteria

1. Clinical signs consistent with acute ischemic stroke
2. Pre-stroke Modified Rankin Score ≤ 2
3. Age 18 years and no upper limit (patient must be 18 years old at time of consent).
4. NIHSS ≥ 6 at the time of randomization
5. Subject is able to start treatment (defined as time of arterial puncture) within 24 hours of stroke onset or last known well and within 90 minutes from last baseline CT/ MRI.

6. Imaging: For strokes in the anterior circulation the following imaging criteria should also be met:

   1. If stroke onset (as defined by the time the patient was last seen at baseline) is within 6 hours: Baseline ASPECTS ≥6 on non-contrast CT (NCCT) or DWI-MRI;
   2. If stroke onset is within 6-24 hours, advanced imaging with either CT perfusion or DWI-MRI is required. Baseline infarct volume must be ≤50cc for patients under 80 years old and ≤20cc for patients 80 years or older.
7. Location: Angiographic confirmation of an occlusion of an ICA (including T or L occlusions), M1 or M2 MCA, with eTICI flow of zero (0) - one (1).
8. Patients for whom IV t-PA is indicated are treated with IV t-PA without delay.
9. IV t-PA, if used, is initiated within three (3) hours of stroke onset (onset time is defined as the last time when the patient was witnessed to be at baseline), with investigator verification that the subject has received/is receiving the correct IV t-PA dose for the estimated weight.
10. Consent: The patient or the patient's legally authorized representative (LAR) has signed and dated an Informed Consent Form.
11. Will comply with protocol follow-up schedule.
12. Patient was ambulatory prior to stroke, i.e. able to walk without another person's assistance.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Life expectancy likely less than six (6) months.
2. Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
3. Known history of severe allergy (more than rash) to contrast medium that cannot be medically controlled.
4. Suspicion of renal failure (Renal failure as defined by a serum creatinine >3.0 mg/dL (264 μmol/L) or Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) <30).
5. Severe, sustained hypertension (Systolic Blood Pressure >185 mmHg or Diastolic Blood Pressure >110 mmHg) NOTE: If the blood pressure can be successfully reduced and maintained at the acceptable level using medication the subject can be enrolled.
6. Currently participating in another interventional (drug, device, etc.) research project that may confound the results of this study.
7. Known hereditary or acquired hemorrhagic diathesis, coagulation factor deficiency. (A subject without history or suspicion of coagulopathy does not require INR or prothrombin time lab results to be available prior to enrollment.)
8. Known history of platelet count <100,000/μL.
9. Baseline blood glucose of <50mg/dL (2.78 mmol) or >400mg/dL (22.20 mmol).
10. Subjects with occlusions in multiple vascular territories (e.g., bilateral anterior circulation, or anterior/posterior circulation).
11. CT or MR evidence of hemorrhage.
12. Seizures at stroke onset.
13. Suspicion of aortic dissection.
14. Patients with known hypersensitivity to nickel-titanium.
15. Evidence of dissection in the extra or intracranial cerebral arteries.
16. Stenosis, or any occlusion, in a proximal vessel that requires treatment or prevents access to the site of occlusion.
17. Presumed septic embolus, suspicion of bacterial endocarditis, or other serious infection.
18. Suspected cerebral vasculitis based on medical history and CTA/Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA).
19. Excessive vascular access tortuosity that will likely prevent endovascular access.
20. Baseline CT or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showing intracranial tumor (except asymptomatic small meningiomas less than three (3) cm).
21. Significant mass effect with midline shift
22. Treatment with any cleared thrombectomy devices or other intra-arterial (neurovascular) therapies three months prior to use of treatment device
23. Unlikely to be available for 90-day (± 15 days) follow-up (e.g. no fixed home address, visitor from overseas).
24. Rapid neurological improvement prior to study enrollment suggesting resolution of signs/symptoms of stroke such as a decrease that leads to an NIHSS below the study cut-off of six (6).
25. Patient has suffered a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke or TIA in at least the last three (3) months.
26. Patients with a pre-existing neurological or psychiatric disease that would confound the neurological or functional evaluations, mRS score at baseline must be ≤ 2. This excludes patients who are severely demented, require constant assistance in a nursing home type setting or who live at home but are not fully independent in activities of daily living (toileting, dressing, eating, cooking and preparing meals, etc.).
27. Known cancer with metastases.
28. Subject currently uses or has a recent history of illicit drug(s), which includes marijuana.
29. Recent past history (within three (3) months) or clinical presentation of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), ruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM) or ruptured aneurysm.
30. The patient is in a coma.