Overview
Friedreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia caused by triplet-repeat expansions. The causative mutation is a trinucleotide (GAA) repeat expansion in the first intron of the frataxin gene, leading to impaired transcription of frataxin. The pathological consequences of frataxin deficiency include a severe disruption of iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis, mitochondrial iron overload coupled to cellular iron dysregulation, and an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress.
A hallmark of Friedreich's ataxia is impairment of antioxidative defense mechanisms, which play a major role in disease progression. Studies have demonstrated that nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling is grossly impaired in participants with Friedreich's ataxia. Therefore, the ability of omaveloxolone (RTA 408) to activate Nrf2 and induce antioxidant target genes is hypothesized to be therapeutic in participants with Friedreich's ataxia.
This 2-part study will evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacodynamics of omaveloxolone (RTA 408) in the treatment of participants with Friedreich's ataxia.
Part 1: The first part of this study will be a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety of omaveloxolone (RTA 408) at various doses in participants with Friedreich's ataxia.
Part 2: The second part of this study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of omaveloxolone (RTA 408) 150 mg in participants with Friedreich's ataxia. Participants enrolled in Part 2 will be randomized 1:1 to receive omaveloxolone (RTA 408) 150 mg or placebo.
Extension: The extension will assess long-term safety and tolerability of omaveloxolone (RTA 408) in qualified participants with Friedreich's ataxia following completion of Part 1 or Part 2. Participants will not be unblinded to study treatment in Part 1 or Part 2 upon entering the extension study. Participants will receive open-label omaveloxolone (RTA 408) at 150 mg once daily.
Principal investigator
Eligibility criteria
Exclusion Criteria: 1. Have uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c \>11.0%) 2. Have B-type natriuretic peptide value \>200 pg/mL 3. Have a history of clinically significant left-sided heart disease and/or clinically significant cardiac disease 4. Have known active fungal, bacterial, and/or viral infection, including human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis virus (B or C) 5. Have known or suspected active drug or alcohol abuse 6. Have clinically significant abnormalities of clinical hematology or biochemistry, including but not limited to elevations greater than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal of aspartate aminotransferase, or alanine aminotransferase 7. Have any abnormal laboratory test value or serious pre-existing medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the patient at risk by study enrollment 8. Have taken any of the following drugs within 7 days prior to Study Day 1 or plan to take any of these drugs during the time of study participation: 1. Sensitive substrates for cytochrome P450 2C8 or 3A4 (e.g., repaglinide, midazolam, sildenafil) 2. Moderate or strong inhibitors or inducers of cytochrome P450 3A4 (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin, ciprofloxacin, grapefruit juice) 3. Substrates for p-glycoprotein transporter (e.g., ambrisentan, digoxin) 9. Have participated in any other interventional clinical study within 30 days prior to Study Day 1 10. Have a cognitive impairment that may preclude ability to comply with study procedures 11. Prior participation in a trial with omaveloxolone (RTA 408)
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