Overview
This is a randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label Phase 3 clinical study comparing VO in combination with nivolumab versus Physician's Choice treatment for patients with unresectable Stage IIIb-IV cutaneous melanoma whose disease progressed on an anti PD-1 and an anti-CTLA-4 containing regimen (administered either as a combination regimen or in sequence) or who are not candidates for treatment with an anti-CTLA-4 therapy.
Principal investigator
Eligibility criteria
Key Inclusion Criteria:
* Male or female who is 12 years of age or older at the time of signed informed consent.
* Patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic Stage IIIb through IV/M1a through M1d cutaneous melanoma.
* Confirmed disease progression (PD) on an approved anti-PD-1 and an anti-CTLA-4 treatment, administered either as a combination regimen (eg, nivolumab + ipilimumab) or in sequence. 1. Treatment with prior anti-PD-1 therapy must have continued for a minimum of 8 weeks 2. Patients who in the physician's judgement are not candidates for treatment with an anti-CTLA-4 antibody are eligible
* Has documented BRAF V600 mutation status. Patients with BRAF mutation should have received prior BRAF-directed therapy (with or without a MEK inhibitor) prior to enrollment in the study, unless deemed not clinically indicated at Investigator's discretion due to concurrent medical condition or prior toxicity.
* Has at least 1 measurable and injectable tumor of ≥1 cm in longest diameter (or shortest diameter for lymph nodes).
* Has adequate hematologic function.
* Has adequate hepatic function.
* Has adequate renal function.
* Prothrombin time (PT) ≤1.5 × ULN and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤1.5 × ULN
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0 to 1 for patients 18 years and older or a Lansky performance score (PSc) ≥80 for patients 12 to 17 years of age.
* Life expectancy of at least 3 months.
* Female and male patients of reproductive potential must agree to avoid becoming pregnant or impregnating a partner and adhere to highly effective contraception requirements during the treatment period and for at least 6 months after the last dose of study treatment.
* Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) test within 72 hours before the first dose of study treatment.
Key Exclusion Criteria:
* Primary mucosal or uveal melanoma.
* More than 2 lines of systemic therapy for advanced melanoma.
* Known acute or chronic hepatitis.
* Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
* Active significant herpetic infections or prior complications of HSV-1 infection.
* Had systemic infection requiring IV antibiotics or other serious active infection requiring antimicrobial, antiviral, or antifungal treatment within 14 days prior to dosing.
* With active significant herpetic infections or prior complications of HSV-1 infection.
* Evidence of spinal cord compression or at high risk of spinal cord compression.
* Known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis at time of screening.
* Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) \>2 × ULN.
* Major surgery ≤2 weeks prior to starting study drug.
* Prior malignancy active within the previous 3 years, except for locally curable cancers that have apparently been cured
* History of significant cardiac disease including myocarditis or congestive heart.
* History of life-threatening toxicity related to prior immune.
* Active, known, or suspected autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment.
* History of (noninfectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or has current pneumonitis.
* Prior oncolytic virus or other therapy given by intratumoral administration.
* Requires intermittent or chronic use of systemic (oral or IV) antivirals with known antiherpetic activity (eg, acyclovir).
* Has received a live vaccine within 28 days prior to the first dose of study treatment.
* Systemic anticancer therapies within 5 half-lives or 4 weeks of the first dose, whichever is shorter.
* Conditions requiring treatment with immunosuppressive doses (\>10 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent) of systemic corticosteroids other than for corticosteroid replacement therapy within 14 days after enrollment.
* Male or female who is 12 years of age or older at the time of signed informed consent.
* Patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic Stage IIIb through IV/M1a through M1d cutaneous melanoma.
* Confirmed disease progression (PD) on an approved anti-PD-1 and an anti-CTLA-4 treatment, administered either as a combination regimen (eg, nivolumab + ipilimumab) or in sequence. 1. Treatment with prior anti-PD-1 therapy must have continued for a minimum of 8 weeks 2. Patients who in the physician's judgement are not candidates for treatment with an anti-CTLA-4 antibody are eligible
* Has documented BRAF V600 mutation status. Patients with BRAF mutation should have received prior BRAF-directed therapy (with or without a MEK inhibitor) prior to enrollment in the study, unless deemed not clinically indicated at Investigator's discretion due to concurrent medical condition or prior toxicity.
* Has at least 1 measurable and injectable tumor of ≥1 cm in longest diameter (or shortest diameter for lymph nodes).
* Has adequate hematologic function.
* Has adequate hepatic function.
* Has adequate renal function.
* Prothrombin time (PT) ≤1.5 × ULN and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤1.5 × ULN
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0 to 1 for patients 18 years and older or a Lansky performance score (PSc) ≥80 for patients 12 to 17 years of age.
* Life expectancy of at least 3 months.
* Female and male patients of reproductive potential must agree to avoid becoming pregnant or impregnating a partner and adhere to highly effective contraception requirements during the treatment period and for at least 6 months after the last dose of study treatment.
* Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) test within 72 hours before the first dose of study treatment.
Key Exclusion Criteria:
* Primary mucosal or uveal melanoma.
* More than 2 lines of systemic therapy for advanced melanoma.
* Known acute or chronic hepatitis.
* Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
* Active significant herpetic infections or prior complications of HSV-1 infection.
* Had systemic infection requiring IV antibiotics or other serious active infection requiring antimicrobial, antiviral, or antifungal treatment within 14 days prior to dosing.
* With active significant herpetic infections or prior complications of HSV-1 infection.
* Evidence of spinal cord compression or at high risk of spinal cord compression.
* Known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis at time of screening.
* Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) \>2 × ULN.
* Major surgery ≤2 weeks prior to starting study drug.
* Prior malignancy active within the previous 3 years, except for locally curable cancers that have apparently been cured
* History of significant cardiac disease including myocarditis or congestive heart.
* History of life-threatening toxicity related to prior immune.
* Active, known, or suspected autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment.
* History of (noninfectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or has current pneumonitis.
* Prior oncolytic virus or other therapy given by intratumoral administration.
* Requires intermittent or chronic use of systemic (oral or IV) antivirals with known antiherpetic activity (eg, acyclovir).
* Has received a live vaccine within 28 days prior to the first dose of study treatment.
* Systemic anticancer therapies within 5 half-lives or 4 weeks of the first dose, whichever is shorter.
* Conditions requiring treatment with immunosuppressive doses (\>10 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent) of systemic corticosteroids other than for corticosteroid replacement therapy within 14 days after enrollment.
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