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GORE CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder and Antiplatelet Medical Management for Reduction of Recurrent Stroke in Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO): the REDUCE Post Approval Study

Internal Medicine Neurology Heart and Vascular Stroke Valve Disease Adult Subjects

This study will assess the safety and effectiveness of GORE® CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder in a post approval setting and evaluate the quality of operator education and training and transferability of trial experience to a post-market setting.

HPV Functional CT Assessment

Radiology Pulmonology Infectious Disease Heart and Vascular Airway Disease Viral Infectious Diseases Lung Disease Vascular Disease Healthy Subjects Adult Subjects Female Subjects Male Subjects

This study will use dual energy x-ray computed tomography (DECT) to evaluate the relationship between heterogeneous perfusion, hypoxia (low oxygen in inspired gas) and induction of pulmonary vascular dilatation to characterize emphysema susceptibility in a normal smoking population. The investigators will correlate DECT measures of perfusion with lung injury measured by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The investigators will study the effect of pulmonary arterial vasodilation to see if it eliminates indices of persistent lung injury in smokers that are susceptible to emphysema

ADVANCE Outcomes

Internal Medicine Pulmonology Heart and Vascular Pulmonary Hypertension Heart Disease Adult Subjects Female Subjects Male Subjects

Study ROR-PH-301, ADVANCE OUTCOMES, is designed to assess the efficacy and safety of ralinepag when added to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) standard of care or PAH-specific background therapy in subjects with World Health Organization (WHO) Group 1 PAH.

Smoking Cessation and Functional CT Assessment

Cancer Radiology Pulmonology Heart and Vascular Pulmonary Hypertension Vascular Disease Airway Disease Heart Disease Healthy Subjects Adult Subjects Female Subjects Male Subjects

The investigators will study the effect of pulmonary arterial vasodilation to see if it eliminates indices of persistent lung injury in smokers that are susceptible to emphysema.

Vascular Dysfunction in Human Obesity Hypertension: Integrative Role of Sympathetic and Renin-Angiotensin Systems (VANISH study)

Heart and Vascular Vascular Disease Healthy Subjects Adult Subjects Female Subjects Male Subjects

The purpose of the study is to test the effects of blocking sympathetic nerve activity with a drug called clonidine on blood vessel function and muscle nerve activity in adults who are obese and have high blood pressure.

The cohort of subjects will consist of 69 healthy young men and women age 18-79 years who are obese, defined as a body mass index \> or = to 30 kg/m2, who have untreated systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure \> or = to 130 - \<180 mmHg- average of at least 3 measurements 2 min apart after 10 min seated resting position). These 69 subjects will then be randomized to 3 treatment arms: clonidine (0.1 mg/day), hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/day) or placebo for 4 weeks in years 1 and 2. All tablets will be encapsulated by to look identical. Subjects will randomly (1:1:1) receive one of the following combinations in a double-blind, placebo-controlled design:

1. Oral clonidine (0.1 mg twice/day)
2. Oral hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg twice/day)
3. Oral placebo

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EP and psychophysics

Otolaryngology Heart and Vascular Electrophysiology Pediatric Subjects Adult Subjects Female Subjects Male Subjects

Effects of Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation on Cerebrovascular Aging and Arterial Stiffness (INCA) Study

Heart and Vascular Vascular Disease Healthy Subjects Adult Subjects Female Subjects Male Subjects

This study investigates the effect of dietary inorganic nitrate supplementation on 1) large elastic artery stiffness and hemodynamics and 2) cerebrovascular function in middle-aged and older adults. Participants will be randomized to consume either nitrate-containing or nitrate-depleted beetroot juice.