Immunology

This is a global Phase 3 study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of an investigational study drug (called PF-06651600) in adults and adolescents (12 years and older) who have alopecia areata. Eligible patients from the prior studies B7931005 (NCT02974868) and B7981015 (NCT03732807) will have an opportunity to enroll as well as patients who have not previously participated in either of these studies. The study is open-label and all patients entering the study will receive active study drug. A sub-study of approximately 60 adult patients who are participating in the B7981032 study will be conducted at select sites in the US, Australia and Canada. The sub-study will evaluate the immune response to tetanus and meningococcal vaccines in patients who have received a minimum of 6 months of 50 mg PF-06651600.

This partially randomized phase III trial studies the side effects of inotuzumab ozogamicin and how well it works when given with frontline chemotherapy in treating patients with newly diagnosed B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies, such as inotuzumab ozogamicin, may block cancer growth in different ways by targeting certain cells. Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving inotuzumab ozogamicin with chemotherapy may work better in treating young adults with B acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

This phase II trial studies how well multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) works in evaluating cancer stage and helping treatment planning in patients with prostate cancer. Multiparametric MRI may be useful for evaluating the type of cancer in finding aggressive disease.

This phase III trial studies how well response and biology-based risk factor-guided therapy works in treating younger patients with non-high risk neuroblastoma. Sometimes a tumor may not need treatment until it progresses. In this case, observation may be sufficient. Measuring biomarkers in tumor cells may help plan when effective treatment is necessary and what the best treatment is. Response and biology-based risk factor-guided therapy may be effective in treating patients with non-high risk neuroblastoma and may help to avoid some of the risks and side effects related to standard treatment.

The study is a 2-arm, multicenter, 1:1 randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. All subjects will receive close monitoring for development of AGT or T1DM. Subjects will receive Abatacept or placebo and close monitoring for development of AGT or T1DM. To assess the safety, efficacy, and mode of action of Abatacept to prevent AGT and T1DM. The primary objective is to determine whether intervention with Abatacept will prevent or delay the development of AGT in at-risk autoantibody positive non-diabetic relatives of patients with T1DM. Secondary outcomes include: the effect of Abatacept on the incidence of T1DM; analyses of C-peptide and other measures from the OGTT; safety and tolerability; and mechanistic outcomes.

The study is a 2-arm, double blinded, multicenter, 2:1 randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. Subjects will receive hydroxychloroquine or placebo and close monitoring for progression of T1D.

The investigators want to study if lower doses of chemotherapy will help babies with SCID to achieve good immunity with less short and long-term risks of complications after transplantation. This trial identifies babies with types of immune deficiencies that are most likely to succeed with this approach and offers them transplant early in life before they get severe infections or later if their infections are under control. It includes only patients receiving unrelated or mismatched related donor transplants. The study will test if patients receiving transplant using either a low dose busulfan or a medium dose busulfan will have immune recovery of both T and B cells, measured by the ability to respond to immunizations after transplant. The exact regimen depends on the subtype of SCID the patient has. Donors used for transplant must be unrelated or half-matched related (haploidentical) donors, and peripheral blood stem cells must be used. To minimize the chance of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the stem cells will have most, but not all, of the T cells removed, using a newer, experimental approach of a well-established technology. Once the stem cell transplant is completed, patients will be followed for 3 years. Approximately 9-18 months after the transplant, vaccinations will be administered, and a blood test measuring whether your child's body has responded to the vaccine will be collected.

Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes has been identified by the CF community as one of the top ten priorities for CF research. In CF clinical decline due to dysglycemia begins early, prior to diagnosis of diabetes and increases mortality from pulmonary disease. There is presently no way to determine who, of those with dysglycemia, will experience clinical compromise. However, the CF Center in Milan has found that measurable age- and sex-dependent variables on oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) predict β-cell failure-the primary driver of decline in CF. the investigators propose a multi-center trial to develop nomograms of age and sex dependent reference values for OGTT-derived measures including glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and the resultant OGTT-derived estimates of β-cell function, β cell sensitivity to glucose, and oral glucose insulin sensitivity (OGIS) and to determine correlation of these with clinical status (FEV-1, BMI z score, number of pulmonary exacerbations over the past 12 months). In a subset of the cohort the investigators will perform additional studies to determine possible mechanisms driving abnormal β cell function, including the role of lean body mass (as measured by DXA), impact of incretin (GLP-1, GIP) and islet hormones (glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide) on β cell function and the relationship of reactive hypoglycemia and catecholamine responses to β cell function, as well as the relationship of β cell sensitivity to glucose as determined by our model to abnormalities in blood glucose found in a period of free living after the study (determined by continuous glucose monitoring measures (Peak glucose, time spent >200 mg/dl, standard deviation). the investigators will also develop a biobank of stored samples to allow expansion to the full cohort if warranted and to enable future studies of dysglycemia and diabetes in CF. the investigator's eventual goal is utilization of the nomograms to determine the minimum number of measures to accurately predict risk for clinical decline from dysglycemia in CF.