Cancer

This phase III trial compares the addition of induction chemotherapy, with carboplatin, paclitaxel and pembrolizumab, to chemotherapy and radiation, with cisplatin and pembrolizumab followed by pembrolizumab maintenance for the treatment of patients with cervical cancer that has spread to nearby tissue or lymph nodes (locally advanced). Carboplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works in a way similar to the anticancer drug cisplatin, but may be better tolerated than cisplatin. Carboplatin works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells. Paclitaxel is in a class of medications called antimicrotubule agents. It stops cancer cells from growing and dividing and may kill them. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Cisplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells. Adding induction chemotherapy to the usual treatment of chemotherapy and radiation followed by maintenance may be more effective in treating patients with high risk, locally advanced cervical cancer.

This phase III trial compares the effect of giving triptorelin vs no triptorelin in preventing ovarian damage in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer receiving chemotherapy with an alkylating agents. Alkylating agents are part of standard chemotherapy, but may cause damage to the ovaries. If the ovaries are not working well or completely shut down, then it will be difficult or impossible to get pregnant in the future. Triptorelin works by blocking certain hormones and causing the ovaries to slow down or pause normal activity. The triptorelin used in this study stays active in the body for 24 weeks or about 6 months after a dose is given. After triptorelin is cleared from the body, the ovaries resume normal activities. Adding triptorelin before the start of chemotherapy treatment may reduce the chances of damage to the ovaries.

This phase II/III trial examines whether patients who have undergone surgical removal of bladder, kidney, ureter or urethra, but require an additional treatment called immunotherapy to help prevent their urinary tract (urothelial) cancer from coming back, can be identified by a blood test. Many types of tumors tend to lose cells or release different types of cellular products including their DNA which is referred to as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) into the bloodstream before changes can be seen on scans. Health care providers can measure the level of ctDNA in blood or other bodily fluids to determine which patients are at higher risk for disease progression or relapse. In this study, a blood test is used to measure ctDNA and see if there is still cancer somewhere in the body after surgery and if giving a treatment will help eliminate the cancer. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and relatlimab, can help the body's immune system to attack the cancer, and can interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. This trial may help doctors determine if ctDNA measurement in blood can better identify patients that need additional treatment, if treatment with nivolumab prolongs patients' life and whether the additional immunotherapy treatment with relatlimab extends time without disease progression or prolongs life of urothelial cancer patients who have undergone surgical removal of their bladder, kidney, ureter or urethra.

This is a Phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter, global study to compare the efficacy and safety of Datopotamab Deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) in combination with durvalumab and carboplatin compared with pembrolizumab in combination with histology-specific platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment of adults with stage IIIB, IIIC, or IV NSCLC without actionable genomic alterations (including sensitizing EGFR mutations, and ALK and ROS1 rearrangements).

This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of INCB123667 in Participants With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer (PROC) With Cyclin E1 Overexpression.

This phase II trial tests how well biomarker tests on patients tumor tissue works in selecting personalized treatments for patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Biomarker tests look for certain features in cancer cells that may give doctors more information about what is driving cancer and how to treat it. Based on the biomarker test results, study doctors can determine the subtype of ES-SCLC that study treatments can target. This study also tests different types of maintenance treatment for ES-SCLC with drugs durvalumab, saruparib, ceralasertib or monalizumab. Maintenance treatment is given after initial treatment and is given to help keep the cancer under control and prevent it from getting worse. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as durvalumab and monalizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Saruparib is a PARP inhibitor. PARP is a protein that helps repair damaged deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Blocking PARP may prevent cancer cells from repairing their damaged DNA, causing them to die. PARP inhibitors are a type of targeted therapy. Ceralasertib may stop the growth of tumor cells and may kill them by blocking some of the enzymes needed for tumor cell growth. Giving biomarker selected personalized maintenance treatment with durvalumab, saruparib, ceralasertib or monalizumab may work better in treating patients with ES-SCLC.

This phase II MyeloMATCH treatment trial compares the usual treatment of cedazuridine-decitabine (ASTX727) to the combination treatment of ASTX727 and enasidenib in treating patients with higher-risk, IDH2-mutated myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). ASTX727 is a combination of two drugs, decitabine and cedazuridine. Cedazuridine is in a class of medications called cytidine deaminase inhibitors. It prevents the breakdown of decitabine, making it more available in the body so that decitabine will have a greater effect. Decitabine is in a class of medications called hypomethylation agents. It works by helping the bone marrow produce normal blood cells and by killing abnormal cells in the bone marrow. Enasidenib is an enzyme inhibitor that may stop the growth of cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving ASTX727 in combination with enasidenib may be effective in treating patients with higher-risk IDH2-mutated MDS.

This pilot trial assesses the effect of the combination of blinatumomab with dasatinib or imatinib and standard chemotherapy for treating patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) or ABL-class Philadelphia chromosome-like (Ph-like) B-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Blinatumomab is a bispecific antibody that binds to two different proteins-one on the surface of cancer cells and one on the surface of cells in the immune system. An antibody is a protein made by the immune system to help fight infections and other harmful processes/cells/molecules. Blinatumomab may bind to the cancer cell and a T cell (which plays a key role in the immune system's fighting response) at the same time. Blinatumomab may strengthen the immune system's ability to fight cancer cells by activating the body's own immune cells to destroy the tumor. Dasatinib and imatinib are in a class of medications called tyrosine kinase inhibitors. They work by blocking the action of an abnormal protein that signals cancer cells to multiply, which may help keep cancer cells from growing. Giving blinatumomab and dasatinib or imatinib in combination with standard chemotherapy may work better in treating patients with Ph+ or Ph-like ABL-class B-ALL than dasatinib or imatinib with chemotherapy.

This phase II trial compares the effect of usual treatment of docetaxel chemotherapy plus trastuzumab, to ado-emtansine (T-DM1) in patients with HER2-postive salivary gland cancer that has come back (recurrent), that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body, or cannot be removed by surgery (unresectable). This trial is also testing how well trastuzumab deruxtecan works in treating patients with HER2-low recurrent or metastatic salivary gland cancer. Trastuzumab is a form of targeted therapy because it works by attaching itself to specific molecules (receptors) on the surface of cancer cells, known as HER2 receptors. When trastuzumab attaches to HER2 receptors, the signals that tell the cells to grow are blocked and the cancer cell may be marked for destruction by body's immune system. Trastuzumab emtansine contains trastuzumab, linked to a chemotherapy drug called emtansine. Trastuzumab attaches to HER2 positive cancer cells in a targeted way and delivers emtansine to kill them. Trastuzumab deruxtecan is a monoclonal antibody called traztuzumab, linked to a chemotherapy drug called deruxtecan. Trastuzumab is a form of targeted therapy because it attaches to specific molecules (receptors) on the surface of cancer cells, known as HER2 receptors and delivers deruxtecan to kill them. Docetaxel is in a class of medications called taxanes. It stops cancer cells from growing and dividing and may kill them. Trastuzumab emtansine may work better compared to usual treatment of chemotherapy with docetaxel and trastuzumab or trastuzumab deruxtecan in treating patients with recurrent, metastatic or unresectable salivary gland cancer.